為了幫助大家高效備考托福，小編為大家?guī)?lái)第三題怎樣把握閱讀節(jié)奏，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。 第三題屬于校園場(chǎng)景，閱讀材料按內(nèi)容可以劃分成兩種：學(xué)校通告(Announcement)和個(gè)人建議(Letter/Proposal)。兩者雖然在內(nèi)容上不同，但文章結(jié)構(gòu)是一致的。這是一個(gè)好現(xiàn)象，因?yàn)槲覀兛梢酝ㄟ^(guò)固定的文章結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)快速判斷主旨句的位置。其實(shí)，學(xué)校的通告也好，個(gè)人的建議也罷，都符合西方人開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山的表達(dá)習(xí)慣。換言之，無(wú)論是什么內(nèi)容的材料，主旨句通常出現(xiàn)在前兩句。這給我們提供了很大的便利，因?yàn)槲覀兛梢砸源藖?lái)提高我們的閱讀速度。我們先來(lái)看一則學(xué)校通告的例子： RequiredWork Experience Thebusiness studies department at State University will now require all studentsenrolled in its program to complete one semester of work experience in a localcorporation or small business. It is felt that students will benefit from thiswork experience by developing leadership and organizational skills that wouldnot normally be learned in a classroom or campus setting. furthermore, therelationship that students establish with the company that they work for mayhelp them to secure permanent employment with that company once they havecompleted the program and graduated. 我們拿到一段材料通常這一件事是看標(biāo)題，因?yàn)槟悄軒椭覀兛焖僬莆詹牧系闹髦迹晕覀冎辣绢}的主旨與work experience有關(guān)，接下來(lái)就剩細(xì)節(jié)了。通過(guò)剛才講過(guò)的方法，我們知道主旨句一定在前兩句，所以我們稍微放慢速度閱讀前兩句。通過(guò)題目一開(kāi)始的旁白我們已經(jīng)知道這是一篇學(xué)校通告，所以為了提升速度，我們快速跳過(guò)一些“虛詞”，包括學(xué)校名稱、院系、以及表示“要求”“建議”等意思的詞。 因?yàn)檫@些詞在大部分的學(xué)校通告材料中出現(xiàn)且無(wú)實(shí)際意義，所以我們可以快速略過(guò)。那本題中，我們只需要仔細(xì)閱讀一行require后面的內(nèi)容就可以了。這時(shí)我們的工作量就又減少了，速度也就提升了。通過(guò)閱讀我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，本題的主旨就在這一句，所以趕緊記下來(lái)關(guān)鍵詞(動(dòng)詞、名詞優(yōu)先)，保證主旨句有分。 下面我們?cè)賮?lái)看一個(gè)個(gè)人建議的例子： UniversityShould Pave Running Trails Theuniversity has about three miles of unpaved dirt running trails that passthrough the forest near campus. I think these trails should be paved withcement. One reason for paving the trails would be to increase their safety.When it rains, the dirt turns to mud and becomes very slippery, so the runnerswho use them can slip and fall. Pavement would solve this problem. Also, pavingwould make the trails look nicer, which would encourage students to use them.Bumps in the trial would be smoothed out and weeds would be paved over, makingthe trail more attractive to runners. Sincerely Sally Jacobs 個(gè)人建議的閱讀材料更容易判斷主旨句，我們只需要快速找到這一人稱I或We出現(xiàn)的一句就OK了。根據(jù)技巧，我們找到本題的主旨就是I think these trails should be paved with cement。但是為了答案更具體更完整，我們應(yīng)該把句中的these指代的內(nèi)容找出來(lái)，根據(jù)指代原則，我們從這一句找到了unpaved dirt running trails。所以，本題的主旨就是Thestudent suggests that the unpaved dirt running trails should be paved with cement。這樣就可以快速搞定主旨句了。
