托福閱讀文章讀不懂，多半是因?yàn)樵~匯和長(zhǎng)難句。如果詞匯量積累尚有欠缺，建議大家多背詞匯，詞匯量提升以后閱讀文章也就不難理解了。那如果是因?yàn)殚L(zhǎng)難句導(dǎo)致閱讀文章理解障礙該怎么辦呢 ? 大家要學(xué)習(xí)長(zhǎng)難句的分析方法。 　　 一 . 例解析托福閱讀長(zhǎng)難句 　　1. 句子 　　The people of the Netherlands, with a long tradition of fisheries and mercantile shipping, had difficulty in developing good harbors suitable for steamships: eventually they did so at Rotterdam and Amsterdam, with exceptional results for transit trade with Germany and central Europe and for the processing of overseas foodstuffs and raw materials ( sugar, tobacco, chocolate, grain, and eventually oil ) . 　　2. 難點(diǎn) 　　本句的難點(diǎn)在于句子的修飾成分比較復(fù)雜，句子主干淹沒在長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的定語和狀語中。遇到這種句子只需要理清各個(gè)成分的修飾關(guān)系，就算定語和狀語很長(zhǎng)，找到了句子主干和修飾關(guān)系，句子意思也就明朗了。這里需要分清楚定語和狀語的區(qū)別，定語修飾的是名詞性的成分，一般緊挨著被修飾詞 ( 比如，results for transit trade …，for transit trade 修飾的是 results ) ，而狀語則修飾非名詞性成分，而且位置比較靈活，放在句首、句中或者句尾都不影響句子含義。 　　3. 拆分 　　并列句 1：The people of the Netherlands, with a long tradition of fisheries and mercantile shipping, had difficulty in developing good harbors suitable for steamships. 并列句 2：Eventually they did so at Rotterdam and Amsterdam, with exceptional results for transit trade with Germany and central Europe and for the processing of overseas foodstuffs and raw materials ( sugar, tobacco, chocolate, grain, and eventually oil ) . 　　4. 句子成分 　　并列句 1：The people of the Netherlands, [ 主語 ] with a long tradition of fisheries and mercantile shipping, [ 定語 ] had [ 謂語 ] difficulty [ 賓語 ] in developing good harbors suitable for steamships. [ 定語 ] 　　翻譯：有著悠久傳統(tǒng)的漁業(yè)和航運(yùn)業(yè)的荷蘭人，在建造適合汽船停靠的優(yōu)良海港上遇到難題。

　　并列句 2：Eventually [ 狀語 ] they [ 主語 ] did [ 謂語 ] so [ 賓語 ] at Rotterdam and Amsterdam, [ 狀語 ] with exceptional results [ 狀語 ] for transit trade with Germany and central Europe [ 定語 ] and [ 連接詞 ] for the processing of overseas foodstuffs and raw materials [ 定語 ] ( sugar, tobacco, chocolate, grain, and eventually oil ) . [ 同位語 ] 　　翻譯：在鹿特丹和阿姆斯特丹他們終于做到了，同時(shí)取得了杰出的成果，他們與德國(guó)和中歐地區(qū)進(jìn)行貿(mào)易運(yùn)輸，而且對(duì)海外食品和原材料進(jìn)行加工。 ( 從糖類、煙草、巧克力、糧食到原油 ) 　　5. 整句英譯漢 　　有著悠久歷史傳統(tǒng)的漁業(yè)和航運(yùn)業(yè)的荷蘭人，在建造適合汽船?？康膬?yōu)良海港上遇到難題：在鹿特丹和阿姆斯特丹他們終于做到了，同時(shí)取得了杰出的成果，他們與德國(guó)和中歐地區(qū)進(jìn)行貿(mào)易運(yùn)輸，而且對(duì)海外食品和原材料進(jìn)行加工 ( 從糖類、煙草、巧克力、糧食到原油 ) 。 　　 二 . 托福閱讀長(zhǎng)難句知識(shí)點(diǎn) 　　1. 定語 　　定語是用來修飾、限定、說明名詞或代詞的品質(zhì)與特征的成分。 　　① In science, a theory is a reasonable explanation of observed events. 　?、?Possible solutions to the problem are formulated. 　　2. 狀語 　　狀語是謂語里的另一個(gè)附加成分 , 從情況、時(shí)間、處所，方式、條件、對(duì)象，肯定、否定、范圍和程度等方面對(duì)謂語中心 ( 或者整個(gè)句子 ) 進(jìn)行修飾或。 　?、?In a way, any hypothesis is a leap into the unknown. 　?、?It extends the scientist's thinking beyond the known facts. 　　3. 并列句 　　并列句是構(gòu)成并列復(fù)合句的簡(jiǎn)單句。 　?、?I like action movies but I don't like thrillers. 　?、?Take the chance, or else you will regret it. 　　 托福閱讀長(zhǎng)難句的理解需要大家能找準(zhǔn)句子中的成分，學(xué)會(huì)將長(zhǎng)難句拆分或簡(jiǎn)化成簡(jiǎn)單句，這樣理解起來就容易多了。上文中為大家舉出托福閱讀長(zhǎng)難句分析的實(shí)例，希望大家在備考中能夠參照文中分析方法結(jié)合實(shí)際情況來做長(zhǎng)難句分析。